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Decorah crater
(詳細はimpact crater located on the east side of the city of Decorah in Iowa, United States. It was caused by a ca. 200-meter-wide meteorite impact during the Middle Ordovician Period, 470 million years ago.
The crater is estimated to be 3.5 miles (5.6 km) in diameter, covered by Winneshiek Shale.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Iowa Meteorite Crater Confirmed )〕 There is no surface evidence of the impact, as the Winneshiek Shale is more than 50 feet below the bottom of the Upper Iowa River. The impact event, equivalent to 1,000 megatons of TNT,〔 did not appear to penetrate the Earth's mantle, but it did push down the underlying Ordovician and Cambrian bedrock several hundred feet. It may be one of several Middle Ordovician meteors that fell roughly simultaneously 469 million years ago, part of a proposed Ordovician meteor event, including the Rock Elm crater in Wisconsin, the Slate Islands crater in Lake Superior, and the Ames crater in Oklahoma.
==''Pentecopterus decorahensis''==
The Middle Ordovician (Darriwilian) Winneshiek Lagerstätte sediments that filled in the crater contained a wide variety of unusual fauna. Among them was a newly discovered species of eurypterid, ''Pentecopterus decorahensis''. ''Pentecopterus'' was scorpion-like in appearance, and the largest predator known from that time, measuring nearly 6 feet in length. Its species name was derived from "Decorah."
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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